浅论国家自然科学基金项目申报质量控制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏弟华  吕建秋  陈奕 《技术与创新管理》2005,26(5):36-38

随着国家对基础研究支持力度的不断增强,国家自然科学基金项目申报的数量也不断增加,对申报质量的要求也不断提高.以华南农业大学为例,提出了加强国家自然科学基金项目申报的过程管理、提高申报质量的途径和对策,以期为高校科研管理部门提供参考和借鉴.  相似文献   

企业的组织问题:授权与控制悖论——一种基于知识的分析框架   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈昆玉  覃正 《科学学研究》2002,20(1):77-80

组织内知识分布的不对称 ,以及知识转移成本的高昂和转移的不可能性 ,使组织的授权成为必要 ,而授权又相应产生控制问题。传统的靠设计控制体系来解决授权与控制悖论的方式 ,并不十分理想。组织学习的引入 ,提供了一种新的解决之道  相似文献   

偿付能力额度的计算模型   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

粟芳  俞自由 《预测》2001,20(5):79-80,72

偿付能力额度是偿付能力监管中的核心。计算合理的偿付能力额度具有非常重要的现实意义，本文中利用风险理论的基本理论，并加以发展和近似，结合实际中的保险市场，构造了计算偿付能力额度的模型。并且，还根据再保险的情况，构造了比较再保险时偿付能力的计算模型。这些模型都是根据实际保险市场构造的，计算较为简单，数据都能从实际市场中得到，具有较强的可行性。  相似文献   

步距角细分计算机控制系统的研制     

鲍雅萍 《安阳工学院学报》2005,(1):35-37

步进电机因其快速启停、精确步进、直接接受数字量等优点,在数控系统中得到广泛应用.在电机控制中,存在步距角较大及低速震动等问题,有必要对其进行步距角细分.选用恒频脉冲调宽细分驱动的方法,可使步进电机作为某些进给机构的驱动元件,完成微量进给的机构加工.  相似文献   

高校教育教学的法律控制     

宋春玲 《安阳工学院学报》2005,(1):61-64

大学生状告母校的案件屡现媒体,有关部门及高校教育管理者并未予以足够重视.高校屡成被告的主要原因是高校的教育理念滞后、教育法制欠缺、教育行为违法及大学生权利意识增强等等.高校教育教学改革必须有法律控制措施.  相似文献   

Does class-size reduction close the achievement gap? Evidence from TIMSS 2011     

Wei Li  Spyros Konstantopoulos 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2017,28(2):292-313

Policies about reducing class size have been implemented in the US and Europe in the past decades. Only a few studies have discussed the effects of class size at different levels of student achievement, and their findings have been mixed. We employ quantile regression analysis, coupled with instrumental variables, to examine the causal effects of class size on 4th-grade mathematics achievement at various quantiles. We use data from 14 European countries from the 2011 sample of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Overall, there are no systematic patterns of class-size effects across quantiles. Class-size effects are generally non-significant and uniform at different achievement levels, which suggests that in most European countries class-size reduction does not have an impact on student achievement and does not close the achievement gap. However, combined estimates across countries indicate that high achievers may benefit more from class-size reduction.  相似文献   

The perception,management and performance of risk amongst Forest School educators     

Mark Connolly  Chantelle Haughton 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(2):105-124

This article investigates how risk perception amongst teachers within an outdoor educational initiative, Forest School, both shape and are shaped by their understandings of childhood, pedagogy and their own professional identity. Drawing on a social constructionist perspective in theorising risk and childhood, the article argues that contemporary, hyper-sensitised concerns regarding children’s vulnerability emanate from both fears of the modern world, and the proclivity towards over-protection which these fears precipitate. Rather than treating this hyper-sensitivity as irrational or paranoid, the paper draws on socio-cultural theories and qualitative methods to interrogate how risk is perceived, managed and performed by teachers within an initiative which aims to reintroduce risk into children’s lives. The research found that while these teachers’ motivations to participate in Forest School were derived from a desire to expose children to formative risk-taking in the outdoors, the hegemonic cultural and institutional risk aversion which they were attempting to counter, aligned with their contested occupational identity, created tensions in how they managed and performed risk which militated against the full realisation of a Forest School pedagogy.  相似文献   

Patterns of and influences on elementary school attendance in early Victorian industrial Monmouthshire 1839–1865     

David C. James  Brian Davies 《History of education》2017,46(3):290-305

Issues associated with school absenteeism have attracted considerable attention and have long been one of the focal points of government strategies for school improvement. Pupil non-attendance is not a new phenomenon and featured prominently in Her Majesty’s Inspectors’ reports from 1839. This paper outlines the patterns of and influences on elementary education in early Victorian industrial Monmouthshire during the period 1839–1865. The twin problems of irregular attendance and early withdrawal of pupils are discussed together with the limitations and unreliability of contemporary statistics. An examination of the reasons for absence is then discussed together with the remedies proposed to alleviate the problem with particular reference to the contribution of the Prize Schemes. The paper illustrates the disadvantages of basing an educational system on voluntary endeavour and enlightened self-interest and highlights the paradox that, despite the introduction of mandatory attendance, the problem is still persistent and protracted and finding definitive solutions still remains elusive.  相似文献   

The changing status of higher education in the ‘moronic inferno’     

Melissa Johnson Morgan 《Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education》2017,21(4):144-149

Getting a good and relevant education is difficult enough to achieve within a context where social and economic needs are constantly unsettled by political policy. The public funding of the education sector has become a contested arena irrespective of a government’s ideology. Recent graduates from various disciplines from Town Planning to Philosophy report in university destination surveys that they have only found employment in areas unrelated to their academic training – for instance, in supermarkets, restaurants and other low-level service industries. How has it happened that the universalisation of mass higher education has contributed to a disconnect between the individual’s social aspirations and their economic status? What happened to the tacit promise that an extended period of intellectual development would prepare the individual for a life of valuable social contribution and financial security? Part of the answer lies in the success of higher education itself. Its popularity has changed its transformative capacity and allowed operational efficiencies to overrule academic quality. The university, ideally seen as a repository of intellectual intuition, has been remade into yet another modern corporation concerned with the bottom line and financial security. Why has it been necessary to remake the university in the image of the department store, supermarket or bank, and how has it been achieved without more critique?  相似文献   

Trainee teachers in unpaid teaching posts: volunteering,risk and vulnerability     

Ron Thompson  Lisa Russell 《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2017,69(4):637-654

This paper explores the experiences and perceptions of a little-known category of in-service trainee teachers in the Further Education (FE) and Skills sector in England: those who meet the practical teaching requirements of their course mainly through unpaid teaching as ‘volunteers’. The paper reports findings from mixed-methods research which used surveys, interviews and focus groups involving trainee teachers within a large FE–HE partnership. Themes relating to motivations to volunteer, the development of teacher identity within marginal roles, and the risks associated with unpaid teaching are discussed. For increasing numbers of trainees, unpaid teaching provides an opportunity for career entry. However, the quality of teaching experience gained is mixed, with some trainees receiving high levels of support, whilst others experience marginalisation and limitations on their developing teacher identities. The paper highlights the specific challenges to professionalism posed by unpaid teaching within the FE and Skills sector, and relates these challenges to a broader context of insecurity and risk. As work experience becomes an increasingly valuable commodity, this paper illustrates the pressures individuals face as they exchange payment and security for the opportunities volunteering provides.  相似文献